| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Europa regina ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Europa regina
Europa regina, Latin for ''Queen Europe'', is the map-like depiction of the European continent as a queen.〔Landwehr & Stockhorst (2004), p. 279〕〔Werner (2009), p. 243〕 Introduced and made popular during the mannerist period, Europe is shown standing upright with the Iberian Peninsula forming her crowned head, and Bohemia her heart.〔Bennholdt-Thomsen (1999), p. 22〕
==Origins==
During the European Middle Ages, maps typically adhered to the Jerusalem-centered T-O scheme, depicting Europe, Asia and Africa.〔Borgolte (2001), p. 16〕 Separate maps of Europe were extremely rare; the only known examples are a map from Lambert of Saint-Omer's Liber Floridus, published in 1112, and a 14th-century Byzantine map.〔 The next Europe-focussed map was published by cartographer Johannes Putsch in 1537, at the beginning of the Early Modern Age.〔
The Putsch-map was the first to depict Europe as an ''Europa regina'',〔〔〔Schmale (2004), p. 244〕 with the European regions forming a female human shape with crown, sceptre and globus cruciger.〔 The map was first printed by Calvinist Christian Wechel.〔Wendehorst & Westphal (2006), p. 63〕 Though much about the origination and initial perception of this map is uncertain,〔 it is known that Putsch (whose name was Latinized as Johannes Bucius Aenicola, 1516-1542)〔 maintained close relations with Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I of Habsburg,〔〔 and that the map's popularity increased significantly during the second half of the 16th century.〔 The modern term ''Europa regina'' was not yet used by Putsch's contemporaries, who instead used the Latin phrase ''Europa in forma virginis'' ("Europe in the shape of a maiden").〔
In 1587, Jan Bußemaker published a copper engraving by Matthias Quad, showing an adaptation of Putsch's ''Europa regina'', as "''Europae descriptio''".〔 Since 1588,〔 another adaption was included in all subsequent editions of Sebastian Münster's "''Cosmographia''",〔〔 earlier editions had it only sometimes included.〔 Heinrich Bünting's "''Itenerarium sacrae scripturae''", which had a map of Europe with female features included in its 1582 edition, switched to ''Europa regina'' in its 1589 edition.〔 Based on these and other examples, the year 1587 marks the point when many publications began adopting the imagery of ''Europa regina''.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Europa regina」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|